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Over 70% of U.S. adults are overweight or obese. This increases the risk for chronic conditions such as, type 2 diabetes, heart and liver disease, arthritis, and some forms of cancer.
Most of these cases can be prevented with early intervention, however.
By losing just 5-7% of body weight and getting regular physical activity, individuals can reduce the risk (or reverse the effects) of many weight-related conditions.[3]
Excess weight puts individuals at risk for a number of health conditions including:
• Heart disease
• Stroke
• Kidney disease
• Eye problems
• Nerve damage
• Heart disease
• Sleep apnea
• Metabolic syndrome
• Osteoarthritis
• Gall bladder disease
• Some cancers
• Anxiety
• Depression
• Social isolation
• Gestational diabetes (pregnant women).[12]
The compound, Semaglutide was initially developed in 2012 as a longer acting treatment for diabetes. It wasn’t long before the benefits of weight loss were discovered however. Taken once weekly, semaglutide can work quickly and effectively in patients who are overweight or obese. It’s not a stimulant, and doesn’t hijack the nervous system the way some weight control medications do, causing the jitters or insomnia. Instead, semaglutide acts on the body’s digestive processes, and signaling mechanisms, allowing individuals to feel satiated much quicker.
Semaglutide works to stimulate insulin secretion, allowing for greater blood sugar disposal and higher glycemic control. Semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist( GLP-1 receptor agonist) that delays gastric emptying and the production of glucagon from the pancreas when blood sugar levels are high. Semaglutide by injection is considered an “incretin mimetic”, which imitates the incretin hormone. This works to help the pancreas release the proper amount of insulin when blood sugar levels rise. Insulin transports sugar from the blood to various tissues, for energy.
As patients used semaglutide to control type 2 diabetes, many began to experience weight loss as a byproduct of the treatment. This led to further research into the possible application of semaglutide for weight control.
In clinical trials, findings concluded that a once-weekly dosage of 2.4 mg of semaglutide is associated with a clinically relevant reduction in body weight.[6] Taken once weekly, patients improved greatly in terms of cardiometabolic risk factors as well.
Although Semaglutide was originally created to help patients with type 2 diabetes control their blood sugar, in 2021 the FDA approved the drug for long-term weight loss in non-diabetic patients. Under the trade name, “Wegovy”, physicians now prescribe injectable semaglutide for obese and overweight patients. Semaglutide is used in conjunction with a low-fat diet and exercise, in overweight patients with high blood pressure, diabetes, or elevated levels of cholesterol.
In clinical studies, the majority of participants (70%-80%) lost 5% or more of their total body weight with 2.4 mg of subcutaneous semaglutide weekly. Mean weight loss was 10-15% of total body weight however, making semaglutide a groundbreaking new treatment for weight loss.[9]
Currently, injectable semaglutide, marketed as “Wegovy” is available for weight loss and chronic weight management. Wegovy is available in 0.25 mg—2.4 mg doses and must be introduced into the body at intervals.[11] Maximum efficacy is reached at 2.4 mg/ 1x weekly.
Semaglutide for weight loss is also available in compounded form through a compound pharmacy.
Semaglutide may cause symptoms including the following:
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Abdominal pain
• Constipation
• Heartburn
• Burping/belching
More Severe Side Effects of Semaglutide include the following:
Pain that spreads from the middle of the stomach spreading to the back. This may or may not include vomiting.
• Allergic reaction including rash, itching, facial swelling, swelling to the mouth or tongue, difficulty breathing or swallowing
• Decreased urinary output along with leg swelling, ankle swelling, or feet swelling.
• Vision disturbances
• Damage to the retina of the eye (retinopathy) in those with heart problems
• Dizziness or fainting
• Yellowing of skin, or eyes
• Fever
• Clay-colored stools
• Rapid heartbeat
• Kidney problems
• Low blood sugar
• Pancreatitis [8]
Patients with a family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or those with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 may be at increased risk for thyroid cancer with the use of semaglutide.[13]
Who is a Good Candidate for Semaglutide Treatment for Weight loss?
Semaglutide in a 2.4 mg dosage is effective and safe for weight loss and long-term weight management in adults with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 27 or higher, with at least one weight related medical issue, or a BMI greater than 30.[14]
Semaglutide works by helping the pancreas release the right amount of insulin to move sugar out of the blood and into the tissues for energy. The drug further slows the process of food as it moves through the stomach and into the intestines. This results in appetite suppression and feeling fuller longer. In clinical trials the drug, Semaglutide used in 2.4 mg subcutaneous injections weekly was found to result in 10-15% weight loss in many patients, over a period of 68 weeks.[9]
Under the trade name, “Wegovy” semaglutide injection (2.4 mg, 1/wk) has been approved by the FDA for weight loss. The drug is specifically meant for chronic weight management in patients with at least one weight-related condition such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol or type 2 diabetes. This is dispensed through subcutaneous injections. Semaglutide for weight management should always be used in conjunction with a healthy diet and regular exercise.
Semaglutide by injection works to control weight. It is not a permanent cure for obesity or weight loss, but an effective treatment when combined with a healthy diet and exercise.
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